Causation and Fate
"The Stoics held that all things happen by fate, in the sense that everything which happens is an effect of prior things with which it causally coheres and has effects which follow necessarily from it (N1). They identify fate with god, nature and reason (N4). The Stoics used their belief in fate to support the existence of divination, the art of interpreting signs of future things which god has arranged to occur (O), and sometimes argued conversely (P). The fact that something is fated to occur can only be taken to imply that it will occur regardless of what else occurs if it is a simple event; if it is part of a complex event, then the components of the event are “co-fated” (S)."
"The Stoics held that all things happen by fate, in the sense that everything which happens is an effect of prior things with which it causally coheres and has effects which follow necessarily from it (N1). They identify fate with god, nature and reason (N4). The Stoics used their belief in fate to support the existence of divination, the art of interpreting signs of future things which god has arranged to occur (O), and sometimes argued conversely (P). The fact that something is fated to occur can only be taken to imply that it will occur regardless of what else occurs if it is a simple event; if it is part of a complex event, then the components of the event are “co-fated” (S)."
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